A direct object comes right after the verb, without an intervening preposition. Consider the following:
In a), une pomme is a direct object; in b) ma soeur is an indirect object since there is a preposition between it and the verb. Direct object pronouns replace the first type, for example:
Direct objects answer the question "What?" or "Who?" ("... is affected by the verbal action?"). For example, in the previous examples, we can ask "What did I eat?" (une pomme), "Who does she know?" (Robert). We know then that pronouns which replace these are direct object pronouns.
French direct object pronouns appear in the following table:
Unlike English, French direct object pronouns come immediately before the verb, e.g.:
When used in the passé composé, they precede the verb avoir, e.g.:
However, when used with other conjugated verbs followed by an infinitive, direct object pronouns come after the first verb and before the infinitive, e.g.:
The one context where direct object pronouns do in fact follow the verb is in an imperative (a command), e.g.:
Note that, as in the last example, me becomes moi and te becomes toi in an imperative (all the other ones remains the same, e.g.: Écoutez-la = "Listen to her"). Note also that in imperatives, the direct object is attached to the verb with a hyphen.
When a direct object precedes the verb, the past participle agrees with it in number and gender, e.g.:
You can find more information about past participle agreement here.
Q: Why is it Il me voit and NOT Il voit moi?
Most pronouns come before the verb in French. This includes direct object pronouns.
Q: Why is it Elle les a vus and NOT Elle les a vu?
The past participle must agree in gender and number with the direct object pronoun. In this case, it is plural.
Q: Why is it je l'aime and NOT je lui aime?
When deciding to choose between lui/leur and le/la/les, replace the pronoun with a noun after the verb, e.g.: J'aime mon père, je parle à ma soeur. In the first sentence, we see that mon père comes right after the verb (there is no à in between). As such, we know that lui is not possible (since lui goes with verbs followed by à. In the second sentence (je parle à ma soeur), however, the verb is followed first by à. As such, lui is the correct pronoun (je lui parle).
Q: Why is it Je m'intéresse au travail and NOT Je me intéresse au travail
French doesn't like to have two vowels in a row. As such, the direct object me changes to m' since the next word begins with "i".
Replace the noun with the correct pronoun
Translate the following:
Choose the correct form (past participle agreement):
Replace the italicized word with a pronoun (direct or indirect):
Show Answers